Participated in the Teach It! How to convert a old computer psu into a project power supply Maker8809 215 subscribers Subscribe 77K views 9 years ago This is a re-upload of a video I did a while back. So I believe that the overcurrent protection will trigger again. If you know what you're doing, Cooler Master's version is better, but if you're unsure what parts the calculator is asking for, stick to Outervision's basic calculator. Its a good idea to have a load for long term use, or to wire up a switch between them, but for spot testing, without a PSU tester (which would be a nice investment here, and not too expensive), its the way to do an immediate spot check. The Serial ATA (SATA) connector above is used to provide power for hard drives, solid state drives, and peripherals such as DVD burners. Finally, I started using it to power some LED lights at my bench, so I decided to add a fan back on it just to prevent direct touch path. But be nice please, I'm only 14 and this is my first instruct able. The APFC can be seen in the image above - those big cylinders on the left are capacitors and they store the adjusted current, before sending them on to the next step in the PSU's chain of processes. The layout of this PSU is similar to many others, and although the make and model of the various parts used inside will be different, they fundamentally do the same thing. PSUs for data center applications or compute servers will have multiple rails for fault tolerance, so if one fails, it won't affect the others. So my question is, before I go through all the hassle of drilling, soldering etc to make the conversion, how can I know for sure that the PSU candidate is in good working condition? Convert an ATX PSU Into a Bench PSU That Measures Current Standard (general purpose) screws with a compression ratio between 1.8 : 1 and 2.4 : 1 and an L/D (length to diameter) ratio between 18 : 1 and 22 : 1 are suggested. A guide on how to pick the best gaming laptop. If it's too big, then the complex electronic circuitry in the rest of the computer might operate in an unstable manner. For those who are interested in taking things to the very edge of practicality, there are even liquid-cooled power supplies for a truly silent experience. In simple buyer terms, look for continuous wattage ratings, ignore peak wattage ratings, and ignore a product that doesn't advertise its continuous wattage rating. It will not wire/plug into the motherboard. Electricity coming out of the wall is very noisy, for a number of reasons. Does the DM need to declare a Natural 20? PSU Security Concept - Open Banking Gateway Documentation - GitHub Pages TechSpot means tech analysis and advice. What is a PSU (Power Supply Unit)? Explained! | Beebom But a Multimeter will most likely be too slow for that kind of measurement so it would be helpfull if you have access to an oscilloscope. Fortunately, the internet is full of resources you can use to calculate your computer's power needs. Wattage is the base number to help you distinguish which PSU you need and how it is rated. i. Next, the PSU case comes into two pieces, pull the top from the bottom and it should reveal a box about the size of the case, next grab some snips and cut all of the wires connecting the psu to the 120 volt connector. Inspect the bottom of the boards (quickly) for any charring or odd substances. You should be able to plug everything in without any further tools. This wire is known as the ground or common line, and the two form a loop: running out the PSU, to the device needing the power, and then back into the unit. In a perfect world, with perfect PSUs, the varying AC voltage would be converted into a constant, never-wavering DC voltage. equipment Sulfone polymer resins can be processed on conventional injection molding equipment. Since voltage is a measure of difference, there needs to be two wires for a given output: one for the indicated voltage (e.g. Other safety features include functions like short circuit protection, which can be hugely beneficial if you encounter power fluctuations. Theres nothing inherently wrong with this from a functional perspective, though poor cable management can lead to less efficient airflow, so youll want to be sure those extra cables dont get in the way. If it's the Peak Wattage, you might want to avoid it. A desktop computer with a multi-rail PSU might have such a setup, but they're more likely to be just taking the main 12V output and splitting it in two or three. Power supplies are often overlooked, but they are a vital component in any desktop PC. A quick run through the listings on Amazon, for the same size format, has them as low as $15 for a generic 400 W unit, and all the way up to $180-240 for a fully modular 1000 W nuclear power station from EVGA or Seasonic. This is because a computer doesn't really switch off, when you tell the operating system to shut down. Simply put, this is the total amount of watts the PSU can deliver to the different parts of your PC. On to step 5. Fortunately, the majority of hardware inside a modern PC takes the bulk of its power off the 12V lines anyway, so it's rarely a problem assuming you've picked the right PSU model for your needs. One consideration when it comes to PSU form factor is the physical size of the unit. Now, if the input voltage peaks at 170 volts (which is the case for 120V mains), then the bridge rectifier will output 170 volts DC. This particular PSU actually runs two PCI Express power connectors off the same wires, for cost reasons, so if you had a really powerful graphics card in the computer, it would be best to use a separate bundle of wires. EVGA SuperNOVA P2 750W 80+ Platinum Certified Fully-Modular ATX Power Supply, Installed new hard drive, now USB and HDMI ports are not receiving power. Can I do something to deactivate overcurrent protection? All power supply units come with long bundles of wires, sprouting out of their back. Since we can't just dust off our hands and proudly say 'article done' with that kind of statement, we better start having a look at one. I am trying to modify an old 350W PC PSU in order to run some 12v and 9.6v cordless tools. The majority of desktop PCs will run fine in the range of 400 to 600 W, though. A great place to start is Horowitz & Hill, The Art of Electronics, but there are many options on Amazon. The next larger one creates a single 5 volt output that we'll talk about in a bit, and the smallest one acts as an isolator for the PWM circuit, keeping it safe from harm and also stopping it from causing interference with other voltages in the PSU. An efficiency chart from Cooler Master for their V1300 Platinum PSU. Where You Should Splurge When Building a PC (and Where You Shouldnt), Intels New CPU Can Hit 5.5Ghz On a Single Core, How To Upgrade or Replace Almost Any PC Component, How To Upgrade and Install a New CPU or Motherboard (or Both), You Dont Need a PCIe 5.0 SSD: Heres Why, Graphics card (Radeon RX 460): 114 watts at peak, RAM: under 5 watts per DIMM estimate 20 watts for our build. For a DC/Universal motor, increasing the voltage will increase the current. Even in 80 Plus PSUs, there are different levels:80 Plus, 80 Plus Bronze, 80 Plus Silver, 80 Plus Gold, 80 Plus Platinum, 80 Plus Titanium. On Intels website, we see that the processor draws an average of 91 watts under high load. [quotemsg=17480112,0,2186180]Hey first time posting to the site and I hope this isn't a stupid question. How to convert an old Computer PSU into a Camera Power Supply! The thickness (or gauge) of the metal wire used in the cables plays a part, too, as thicker wires have less electrical resistance than thinner ones, which results in less heat being generated as current flows through them. But how well do you know the components that make up a PC? Theres also a third, in-between option, creatively called a semi-modular power supply. In the final act, how to drop clues without causing players to feel "cheated" they didn't find them sooner? Its job is to take the DC voltage and use several field effect transistors to switch the voltage on and off at a very high rate it essentially converts the DC voltage back into an AC one. I am trying to modify an old 350W PC PSU in order to run some 12v and 9.6v cordless tools. Thats why were going to cover the basics of power supplies, and provide you with the information you need to understand why having the right PSU is important, and why simply settling for the cheapest option is not the best solution. So you will certainly need this adapter that will help you convert from 24-pin to 12-pin male connector. Fortunately, in our example, 40-odd millivolts is okay: not great, but not bad. Now you have a nice parts collection, improved solder skills, and a working supply. 586), Starting the Prompt Design Site: A New Home in our Stack Exchange Neighborhood. But it falls as soon as I press the trigger. Efciency. on Introduction. If you can't tell which one it is, don't take your chances. Let's say you see a 500W power supply. The red line is the targeted constant +12V DC, the varying blue line is what we're actually getting (although the ripple itself isn't constant). Not all of them will have a metal body full of holes, either those found in servers rarely have them. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. This gets passed on to the next stage of the PSU and in the one we're looking at, it's called an active power factor correction converter (APFC). Now we have to make some wire jumpers. Unfortunately most PSU failures tend to be sudden, I'd probably consider opening them up and spot checking the chips and capasitors inside, then closing them back up. Just a regular young electronics enthusiast. The x-axis shows time in milliseconds and the y-axis shows voltage in volts. Our Cooler Master example has a single 12 volt rail and all the various power connectors that provide +12V draw current off that rail, if used. As youre plugging in components, be wary of where you run the power cables. But if your PC is built for gaming or even light media editing duties, youll need to account for it. Power supply units don't break headlines like the latest CPUs do, but they're awesome pieces of technology. For a manual evaluation of a definite integral. Place the new power supply in position in your PC. Someday, I'm planning to make a different one with a variable PWM control on the output for further flexibility. So the rating of 650 W is the maximum the PSU can provide as a total across all lines. The exact cables youll use will vary depending on the specifics of your build, but youll most likely be dealing with the following: When selecting a new PSU, one of the most common questions asked is, How many watts is enough? As is often the case in the world of PC hardware, the answer varies widely depending on the unique needs of your system. The graph below displays how mains electricity (US = blue and green lines; UK = red line) is supposed to be. If the fan doesn't turn on, don't even bother, its not worth salvaging. Should I be concerned about the structural integrity of this 100-year-old garage? So a big part of what a PSU does, is convert AC to DC (cue the guitars). Even if theyre only touching slightly, theyll make an annoying noise once your PC is running and potentially strip the protective casing. After you have done that put the second type of terminal we have on the rest of the wires. This PSU has two stages of so-called transient filters, the first of which is directly applied to input socket, using 3 components called capacitors to do the job. 1 x ATX power supply. // Performance varies by use, configuration and other factors. Even so, are there any obvious indications that a PSU is starting to fail (apart maybe from a noisy fan)? These are exactly what they sound like: Some of the most frequently used cables are attached to the PSU, while some youll have to connect yourself. #2. Add a little bit for a safety margin, and you have wattage you need your PSU to deliver. After youve determined how much power you need, youll need to find a power supply that physically fits in your computer. Youll also have to select a model that fits in your PC, and one that has the correct cables (rails) to fit your components. Modern power supplies include an efficiency rating, usually indicated by the 80 Plus voluntary certification system. How To Upgrade and Install a New Power Supply for Your PC Vasant Honavar | Penn State College of IST conversion - Converting a computer PSU to a bench power supply - Super User Next to the power specifications, there's a label saying "80 Plus Bronze." Buy a 100A shunt and measure the voltage across that then. To re-purpose a conversion worker as a conversion agent, perform the following steps: Note: These steps are only required if you're upgrading from Relativity 9.3 or lower, since conversion was performed by a worker in those versions, and only if your worker was designated for conversion. As of the cable you marked with the blue circle, it's the AT motherboard power connector. Because of the unique position of the PSU in the PCs layout, making sure it has built-in protection can help keep the rest of your hardware safe as well. If everything looks good, then unplug the external cables, close up the access panels, and screw them into place to get your PC ready for normal operation. Compliance with the 80 Plus system is indicated by a sticker on the power supply, and usually advertised as a feature on the box or online listing. The more efficient your PSU, the less power it uses, and the less heat it generates. And since the combined price of such a CPU and GPU could easily top $3,500 or more, shelling out a few extra hundred perhaps isn't going to be much of a shock for some customers. We don't need it. I'd recommend NOT using any PSU that has a blob of silicone between the case and a heatsink as a result! If youre not entirely sure about your PCs power supply needs, check out this handy online calculator. Power supplies regulate by sensing the output and comparing a portion of it to a reference voltage. For example, our test machine at How-To Geek uses an Intel Core i7-7700K processor. The difference between the 6 and 8-pin PCI Express connector, is an extra two ground wires. Super User is a question and answer site for computer enthusiasts and power users. Use MathJax to format equations. Each connector provides one each of +12V, +5V, and +3.3V wires, along with two ground wires, and depending on what device the cable is going to be attached to, the connector at the other end of the cable will either use the same wiring configuration, or something simpler. I put 2 10 5W resistors in parallel between 5V and ground and I shorted the green wire with ground. How TO Convert PC Power Supply PSU SMPS ATX into Dc 12v 24v 14 volt amp Computer for Fan increase Voltage Battery Charger inverter DiYSocial Media Business L. The answer lies in the fact that modern computer parts are expecting the electrical power to be delivered in a very different form to that provided by the outlet. Now take the board out of the case. 1 - breadboard 1 - 10 watt 10 ohm resistor 1 - small 2 pin fan Wire Assorted terminal connectors TOOLS LIST: Soldering iron Lead free solder Circuitry flux Helping hands Super glue If your power supply is modular, you also can remove the power rails from the back of the power supply housing. Why not use it to plan out your workbench? Grab out some ring terminals, wire, crimpers, iron, solder and strippers. take pictures and post them in the comments. Configuring your conversion agents - Relativity Keep this in mind when considering higher wattage PSUs: a 750-watt power supply does not consume 750 watts by default. If the power system must support widely ranging loads, efciency can be optimized by adjusting the number of operating supplies to the load. Safe method of blocking whining noise from PSU exhaust? You might have noticed the 80 Plus rating on many power supplies, often listed alongside a precious metal. A multi-rail PSU will have two or more systems providing the 12 volts - however, there's a big difference in how this is implemented. Now, were going to reverse the process. The UK hits a slightly lower peak, and varies a little slower, too. You'll find models that provide 300W and some that go all the way up to 1200W. Power down your PC, remove all the power and data cables, and then move it to your work area. PC PSU conversion to run 12V tools. 586), Starting the Prompt Design Site: A New Home in our Stack Exchange Neighborhood, PC doesn't POST with a certain model of PSU. Raw green onions are spicy, but heated green onions are sweet. By submitting your email, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. how To fuse the handle of a magnifying glass to its body? The first of which is the obligatory 24-pin ATX12V version 2.4 connection - it offers multiple wires for the various voltages, plus a few specific ones. A cheap multi-rail version of the same unit might have two +12V lines shown in the specification, but each will only provide 26 amps of current (or 312 W). Convert ATX PSU Into Variable Power Supply, Increase ATX Output Voltage. But what you're really paying for is the quality of the components used inside the PSU. Lateral loading strength of a bicycle wheel. I can attest to the shocking power of these power supplies. A power supply operates by converting energy from a wall socket and routing that power to each of the individual components in your system through a variety of cables. In the picture below, this is the flat black object glued to the chunk of metal (which acts as a heatsink). These fit into almost all full-sized desktop computers, and youll find them ranging in power from around 300 watts all the way up to 850 watts. bim: Calculage growth trajectory using the biological intercept. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Features like these help to reduce noise. If youre upgrading because you dont have enough power in your current power supply and your case wont accept anything bigger, youll likely need to upgrade your case as well, and move all of your other components into it. Here, you can accurately determine the required wattage for your PC build, ensuring that your components are adequately powered for optimal performance and stability. If you want to estimate your power requirements, look at the specifications of each component in particular. Peak power is the maximum amount of power the PSU can output for short periods of time, whereas continuous power refers to the amount of power the PSU is designed to output on a regular basis. That purchacing loads and testers that can only do so much anyway, is a lot cheaper than they were. 2 medium length and 2 long. 0. Some ATX-standard power supplies are longer than normal, stretching to eight or ten inches long, but keeping their width and height standardized. Being careful not to touch any of the interior components while its running, plug everything in and power it up, just to make sure its booting correctly. Non-anarchists often say the existence of prisons deters violent crime. If your power supply is modular, plug the cables into their sockets on the back of the supply itself. TechSpot is celebrating its 25th anniversary. Developers use AI tools, they just dont trust them (Ep. Now, assuming that you have made your box and put everything inside it, you can test all of your connections and plug in a fan. Here are things you should consider when choosing between a gaming laptop vs. desktop. If youre a small form factor PC (SFF) enthusiast, youll want to do a little more research to make sure your PSU will fit. It's not very sophisticated, though, as all it does it shut off the PSU, if any of those problems occur. This video will also review a 24-pin ATX breakout board. To learn more about it, you'll need to look at the device. This Cooler Master model, like many others, uses a fairly basic connection system for the modular cables. I put 2 10 5W resistors in parallel between 5V and ground and I shorted the green wire with ground. Now take all of the short pieces and put ring terminals on them. Seeing on a cheap multimeter what the DV voltage shows when switched to AC is a cheap trick that can provide minor clues to how well the cleanup curcuits are working. Also note that the peak efficiency is somewhere between 50 and 100% loading; some manufacturers provide charts showing how you can expect the unit to perform under different loads and supply voltages. For users building their own PCs, they tend to place a lot of focus on flashy and visible components while overlooking the PSU despite its importance. Wattage is certainly an important consideration when choosing a desktop power supply, but so is PSU efficiency. My idea was to convert it to make it a bench power supply, adjustable in a significative range. But when I try to run my 9.6V drill from the 12V rail the PSU turns off. Simon is a Computer Science BSc graduate who has been writing about technology since 2014, and using Windows machines since 3.1. It does this because the part of the PSU that turns the mains voltage right down into 12 volts is a transformer. If you've got any questions about power supply units or the one currently sitting in your computer, quietly doing its job, fire them our way in the comments section below as usual. Contest Sponsored by Dremel, Participated in the DIY University Contest. The motherboard draws the power it needs to remain active off the standby connection.
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