They may be homosporous or heterosporous. 1. ADVERTISEMENTS: 2. They are mostly found in damp and, A: The seed ferns can also be referred to as Pteridospermatophyta. These are usually green-coloured. The sporophytic plant body is by and large arborescent in gymnosperms while it is not so in pteridophytes. 11. Xylem in both groups is devoid of vessels. Some plants grow into big trees while some plants, A: Red algae, also known as Rhodophyta, are one of the most ancient types of eukaryotic algae. flowering and cone-bearing plants).of which approximately 250,000 have been identified or described. Primitive characters of Psilotum are dichotomous branches, the Presence of Scale Leaves, and Underground Rhizome. Because they produce neither seeds, not flowers. Ans:The psilotales have often been called living fossils. At the base of the upper surface of each ovuliferous scale are present two sessile and naked ovules. ADVERTISEMENTS: 2. Ans:The type of branching in plants those results when the growing point (apical bud) divides into two equal growing points, which in turn divide in a similar manner after a period of growth, and so on. In Ferns the sporophylls are foliage leaves, but in other plants the sporophylls are modified and arise in specialized structures such as the strobili (cones) of club mosses, horsetails, and gymnosperms and the ower of angiosperms.Sporophyll bearing microsporangia are called microsporophyll and Sporophylls bearing megasporangia are called megasporophyll. Ans: Annulesis a ring like structure of jacket of sporangium of Pteris, consist of radially elongated thick walled cells helping in spore dispersal. Classification Those plants in which Ligule is present are known asLigulates. A: Pollen grains are the male gametophytes of a plant. PLANT KINGDOM B:the armor of a fossil cycad stump that suggests in appearance the ramenta of existing ferns. The main function of these leaves is to take part in photosynthesis, respiration and transpiration-The word leaf is normally used for foliage leaves. 13. Ans:They are called club mosses because of their small size and moss-like leaves and aggregation of sporophylls into terminal groups. How are the male and female gametophytes of pteridophyte sand gymnosperms different from each other? Ans:A rhizoid(such as is found on the gametophytes of bryophytes or ferns) is basically just a lament or a root-like structure that anchors the plant to the ground. The following are the general characteristics of plant kingdom: They grow or live mostly in moist soil or in the aquatic environment. All the members of gymnosperms are heterosporous. Difference between Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms what dicot group to diverge from the gymnosperms? Sporangium: Sporangium is dehiscent . It generally uses, A: The plants and algal life cycle include alternating phases. What are the differences between them? what structure of gymnosperms are homologous to gametophytes of the seedless plants? Ans:Tapetums is the innermost layer of the microsporangium. It is considered a fusion product of three sporangia. Ans:(i) Eusporangiate Type:Sporangium develops from group of superficial cells. Ans:Pteridophytes are cryptogams. Ans:Petrifaction or petrication is the process by which the plant material when laying in water has become infiltrated with mineral matter such as lime, silica, magnesium and other similar substances. Seen inPteris, Adiantum etc. It is inconspicuous. Solution The male and female gametophytes of pteridophytes and gymnosperms different from each other are Male Gametophyte of Pteridophyte Male Gametophyte of Gymnosperm A distinct male gametophyte may not be A male gametophyte is always present. 10. 9. 14. They may have true roots or leaves. Megaspore germinates to form a female gametophyte that bears archegonia. One of the thin, chafike scales covering the shoots or leaves of certain ferns are calledRamenta. They do not have ovule. Medium Solution Verified by Toppr Was this answer helpful? Seen inDryopteris.False indusium:It is formed by the curving of margins of the pinnae or leaet that protects the marginal sorus. Similarities of Gymnosperms with Pteridophytes. Sporophylls are organized to form cones. E.g.Lycopodium, Equisetum.Heterosporous Ferns: Produce two types of spores or distinct male and female spores or microspores and megaspores. Phloem is devoid of companion cells. How are the male and female gametophytes of pteridophytes and They bear two types of cones, a male. Ans:The period is the basic unit of geological time in which a single type of rock system is formed. Stomiumis the weak region in the jacket where the sporangium is broken transversely to liberate the spores. In phloem, sieve tubes are with albuminous cells. it contains an antheridium. Gymnosperms differ from pteridophytes in - Toppr What features distinguish progymnosperms from seed ferns? Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms Questions - BIOLOGY TEACH Ans:Synangia (three fused sporangia) develop inPsilotum. This is called the apophysis. How different aregymnosperms frombryophytes andpteridophytes? 2. Gametophyte of pteridophytes are photosynthetic in nature while gametophyte of gymnosperms are not photosynthetic in nature, The size of gametophyte of of pteridophytes quite large compare to gymnosperm's gametophytes. Gymnosperm | Definition, Description, Plants, Examples, Phylogeny Conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes are among the gymnosperms, a clade of, A: The gymnosperms can be described as a group of seed-producing plants with naked or exposed seeds,, A: Plant Kingdom consists of plants that is autotrophic and photosynthetic organism . Green, brown and red algae, liverworts, mosses, ferns, and seed plants with or without flowers are all members of the Plantae kingdom. ADVERTISEMENTS: 3. Each ovuliferous scale is woody, bigger and stouter than the bract scale and it is triangular in shape. These are also called carpellary scales.Anovuliferous scaleis present on the upper surface of each bract scale. Gymnosperms are quite different from bryophytes and pteridophytes. The underside of the prothallus is where the gametes are produced. In gymnosperms, cambium is present and the secondary wood is common. Bryophytes also produce no cones, nor do they produce seeds. What is the difference between bryophytes and gymnosperms? In the previous posts, we discussed the General Characters of Bryophytes Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. They are seed-producing plants. It divides transversely to form an outer and an inner cell. Microspore germinates to form male gametophyte that bears antheridia. Plant body is differentiated into roots, stems,s, and leaves. Carbon-14, or radiocarbon, is a naturally occurring radioactive isotope that forms when cosmic rays in the upper atmosphere strike nitrogen molecules, which then oxidize to become carbon dioxide. In some respects, the orderPsilotales, with its two genera of primitive vascular plants, Tmesipteris andPsilotum. How are Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms different from Bryophytes? Both algae and bryophytes have cellulose-based, A: There is a rotation between haploid and diploid stages and this fluctuation between these haploid, A: Vascular tissue How are Bryophytes different from Pteridophytes? 0 0 Similar questions These are all gymnosperms Easy Because they cannot produce flowers and seeds. What is themain feature thatdistinguishes them from thegymnosperms? Once considered of the same evolutionary line, these plants were formerly placed in the single group Pteridophyta and were known as the ferns and fern allies. Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms This type of wood is found in the members ofthe Coniferophyta. Leaves of some gymnosperms and ferns show circinate vernation. There are some 10,000 species of ferns or pteridophytes (pteris = fern; phyton = plant). Gametophyte generation is independent of them. Division-Pteridophyta 2. Ans: True indusium:A delicate membranous structure arises from the lower side and covers the sorus of sporangia. It is seen in most ferns (except the Ophioglossales) and in certain cycads and extinct seed ferns. 2. Hence the correct option is C. Neck canal cells and sometimes venter canal cell are absent in the archegonia,making the latter a small-sized body. The, A: Gymnosperm are plants that possess naked seeds and have cones ( male and female) as their, A: Plants like all other organisms grow in size. Leaf: No circinate vernation in young leaf ADVERTISEMENTS: 4. How are the male and female gametophytes of pteridophyte sand Ans:Each Megasporophyll ofPinusconsists of two types of scales, known as bract scales and ovuliferous scales.Bract scalesare thin, dry, membranous, brown-coloured structures having fringed upper parts. The word "Gymnosperm" comes from the Greek words "gymnos" (naked) and "sperma" (seed), hence known as "Naked seeds." Gymnosperms are the seed-producing plants, but unlike angiosperms, they produce seeds without fruits. A: Gymnosperms are naked seed plants. While angiosperms have an enormous variety of body types and forms, ranging from annual herbs to climbing vines to massive trees, gymnosperms are largely woody trees and shrubs. They are the following Psilopsida- eg: Psilotum Lycopsida- eg: Lycopodium, Selag inella etc Sphenosida- eg: Equisetum Pteridopsida-eg: Nephrolepis, Pteris , Dryopteris etc. Introduction Algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms all come under the plant kingdom or Plantae. 13. There are around 12,000 extant species of pteridophytes. How different are theendosperm of gymnospermsand the endosperm ofangiosperms? Start your trial now! During microsporogenesis, the cells of tapetum produce various enzymes, hormones, amino acids, and other nutritious materials required for the development of pollen grains. Gymnosperms Examples, Characteristics & Types - Study.com EDUInput- An online learning platform for Mcat, JEE, NEET and UPSC students. They have green pigments. There are Four Eras in the Geological time chart. According to the "anthophyte" hypothesis, the angiosperms are a sister group of one group of gymnosperms (the Gnetales), which makes the gymnosperms a paraphyletic group. (ii) Leptosporangiate Type:This type of sporangium arises from a single superficial cell.
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